Notes

The Manukau district has limited potential for large scale indigenous electricity generation, but could encourage

• the uptake of distributed generation e.g. photo-voltaic cells, micro-hydro, or biogas generation, or

• the substitution of electricity demand through the use of gas, biomass and solar resources (e.g. solar hot water heaters).

From an energy resilience perspective, virtually all low grade (<130°C) heat requirements (about 11% of Manukau’s energy demand) should be supplied by non-electricity alternatives e.g. onsite solar (thermal) systems. As opposed to 1.8% currently.

Source: NIWA (August 2009) Manukau City – Towards 2060 Basis climate and energy information

Figure 31: Potential solar power density (Global irradiance tilted to degrees of latitude)